UK EPR Fees (2026-2027) & Eco-Modulation Guide
Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) fees are evolving. Learn about the 2025 base rates, the new 2026 eco-modulated fees, and how the RAM (Recyclability Assessment Methodology) affects your costs.
What Are EPR Fees?
Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) fees are charges imposed on businesses that produce or sell packaging materials. These fees ensure producers fund the full cost of managing packaging waste, with rates shifting toward eco-modulation to reward sustainable design.
From 2026, fees will be "modulated" based on recyclability. Better recyclability (Green RAM) results in lower fees, while poor recyclability (Red RAM) lead to significant surcharges.
Note: These do not cover registration fees paid to environmental agencies or costs for meeting packaging recycling targets.
How Are EPR Fees Calculated in the UK?
EPR fees are calculated based on several factors, primarily the type and volume of packaging materials placed on the market.
1. 2025 Base Rates (Year 1)
Fee rates for the 2025 reporting year (per tonne):
| Material | Base Rate (£) |
|---|---|
| Aluminium | £266 |
| Fiber Composite | £461 |
| Glass | £192 |
| Paper & Card | £196 |
| Plastic | £423 |
| Steel | £259 |
| Wood | £280 |
| Other | £259 |
For Year 1, fees are non-modulated base rates across all material categories. Refer to the official 2025 base fees guidance for further details.
2. 2026 RAM Market Proportions
Expected market proportions for each material category based on current recyclability:
| Material | Green % | Amber % | Red % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminium | 72% | 5% | 23% |
| Fiber Composite | 18% | 50% | 32% |
| Glass | 91% | 1% | 8% |
| Paper & Card | 76% | 3% | 21% |
| Plastic | 31% | 24% | 45% |
| Steel | 79% | 1% | 20% |
| Wood | 17% | 24% | 59% |
| Other | 10% | 6% | 84% |
These proportions reflect the current UK market state. Refer to the official Year 2 illustrative fees guidance for complete details on recyclability assessments.
Green RAM: -9% Discount
High recyclability. These materials receive a 9% discount from the base illustrative fee, rewarding sustainable design.
Amber RAM: Base Fee
Medium recyclability. This acts as the baseline fee. Upgrading to Green alternatives can reduce your annual compliance costs.
Red RAM: +20% Surcharge
Low recyclability. Incurs an additional 20% surcharge above the base rate. Identifying these "malus" risks is critical for budget planning.
Calculate your 2026 RAM Fees
Don't wait for your invoice. Use our free calculator to see how eco-modulation will impact your costs based on material, weight, and recyclability.
Why Are EPR Fees Important?
EPR fees play a crucial role in reducing packaging waste and promoting a circular economy.
Reduce Packaging
Minimise the amount of packaging used in products to lower environmental impact and fees.
Use Recyclable Materials
Switch to materials that are easier to recycle, reducing the burden on waste management systems.
Support Infrastructure
Contribute to the development of recycling facilities and local authority waste management.
How to Prepare for EPR Fees in the UK
Understand Your Obligations
Determine whether your business falls under the EPR regulations. If you produce or sell packaging, you are likely required to comply.
Collect Packaging Data
Track the type and weight of packaging materials you place on the market. Accurate data is essential for calculating your fees.
Plan for Costs
Budget for EPR fees as part of your operational costs. Fees can vary significantly depending on your packaging materials and volumes.
